Microcirculation in heart failure: state of the art (literature review)

Microcirculatory vessels make up about 99% of all vessels in the human body, so cardiovascular diseases at different stages affect microcirculation to varying degrees. The literature review presents studies of different years on microcirculation in heart failure (HF) using the following most popular methods: laser Doppler flowmetry, polarography, nailfold capillaroscopy, bulbar conjunctiva biomicroscopy, and in vitro laboratory tests. Taking into account the changed modern concept of HF and the classification adopted in recent years that assesses the left ventricular ejection fraction, the list of cited works shows gaps in data on microcirculation changes in chronic HF with preserved ejection fraction and prospects for further related research.