Behavior of Finite-Energy Fresnel–Bessel Beams in Long Free-Space Optical Communication Links

In this paper, we studied the propagation properties of a finite-energy Fresnel–Bessel beam (FEFBB) propagating in a turbulent atmosphere. We analyzed and investigated the system parameters’ impact on the kurtosis parameters and the beam size. The results show that the FEFBB profiles turn into Gaussian-like profiles as they propagate through longer links. In long links, higher-order FEFBBs are sharper than lower-order beams. However, FEFBBs with higher Fresnel numbers are flatter than those with lower Fresnel numbers. On the other hand, beams with higher orders and bigger radii spread less. Moreover, FEFBBs have the advantage of keeping the beam size smaller than that in other classical beams. We anticipate our results will be useful for free-space optics (FSO) designers.