Nursing Interventions In Adults At Risk Of Attempted Suicide In Dysfunctional Families.Systematic Review

Introduction: Suicide is a global public health issue, with high incidence rates among young people aged 19 to 25. Risk factors such as a family history of suicide, childhood abuse, mental disorders, and substance abuse are prevalent. In Latin America, the incidence of suicide is alarming, particularly in regions under development. In Ecuador, men are three times more likely than women to attempt suicide, often using lethal methods such as hanging and firearms. The objetive of this review is to determine nursing interventions for adults at risk of suicide attempts within dysfunctional families. Methods: The article uses a systematic review supported by the PRISMA methodology, focusing on a qualitative analysis through a descriptive metasynthesis and cross-sectional cohort study. Scientific articles published in the last ten years were reviewed, selected from databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect, using MeSH terms related to suicide and nursing interventions. Inclusion criteria required studies to address nursing interventions for patients at risk of suicide attempts. Results and Discussion: The article identifies sociodemographic, clinical, and familial risk factors in young adults at risk of suicide attempts. Key factors include unemployment, economic issues, family history of mental disorders, and a deficient social support network. Effective interventions include outdoor and psychosocial activities that enhance emotional well-being. Nurses face barriers such as workload and lack of training, which hinder adequate care.Conclusions: A key conclusion of the article is that nursing interventions for young adults at risk of suicide attempts, especially those from dysfunctional families, should adopt a comprehensive approach. This involves strengthening psychosocial support, improving the care environment, and continuously training staff in the identification and management of risk factors.