Two-tier optimal dispatch strategy for a park distribution network with electric vehicles with dynamic tariffs

Abstract In this paper, the optimal scheduling problem of active distribution networks after electric vehicle (EV) access is investigated, and a two-layer optimal scheduling strategy for an EV-containing park distribution network with dynamic tariffs is proposed. The upper-layer model takes the minimisation of EV charging and discharging cost and load variance as the objectives, and updates the charging and discharging states with the tariff, and particle swarm solves the optimal charging and discharging power curves and inputs them into the lower-layer model; the lower-layer distribution model takes the economic cost of the distribution network, the three-phase imbalance, the load variance, and the discard rate as the objectives, and adopts the multi-objective dung-beetle algorithm for solving the problem. The dynamic tariff of each phase is input into the upper layer model, and the up and down cycles are iterated until relatively stable. The results show that the two-layer optimal dispatch model with EVs proposed in this paper can not only optimise the charging and discharging cost and load difference of EVs in the upper layer, but also improve the four optimisation objectives of the lower distribution network, taking into account the optimisation of both the upper and lower layers, and the simulation results validate the effectiveness of the scheduling strategy.