Study of the Possibility of Placing the Transformer Underground in Compliance with the Thermal Regime

Placing transformers in underground bunkers will increase their security and make it harder to damage them, which will ensure stability in the power system against missile attacks on the power structure during hostilities. The purpose of this work was to increase the security of the power system by moving transformers to underground bunkers. As a result of the work, it was found that there are currently no reliable means of protecting transformers in Ukraine, so the main design parameters of the bunker for placing a transformer in it were determined, the required capacity of the ventilation system was determined, as well as the service life of the transformer at the proposed location. It was determined that with the proposed placement and cooling of the transformer in the bunker, the service life of the transformer is not reduced. To verify the adequacy of the mathematical models, identification was performed, which showed that the error was no more than 7%. We also performed calculations using the finite element method and compared the results with the results of calculations using the proposed formulas. The error was no more than 4%. The scientific novelty and practical value of the work is the first scientifically substantiated technical possibility of placing transformers underground without affecting the service life of the transformer itself. The obtained results and calculation methods can be used in practice. The mathematical models and formulas proposed in this paper are universal, so they are applicable to most power transformers.