Low Carbon Dispatch Method for Integrated Energy System Considering Low Carbon Demand Response

The integrated energy system (IES) serves as a powerful approach to enhance the interactions between various energy carriers. In the background of low-carbon energy, demand-side resources are gradually involved in the IES scheduling. Nevertheless, the majority of current research emphasizes the economic advantages brought by demand response (DR) to IES and ignore its potential of carbon emission reduction. To solve this problem, the carbon emission flow model of the IES is established in this paper by extending the carbon emission flow model in existing studies to IES systems which contain energy storage devices. With this model, the carbon emission on the demand side is clearly quantified. On this basis, a bi-level low-carbon dispatch model for the IES is established. The upper-level dispatch model optimizes the energy purchase strategy and equipment operation power with the objective of minimizing the operating cost and carbon emission cost resulting from energy purchase. The lower-level dispatch model takes into account the DR signaled by the carbon flow density of the load and optimizes the DR strategy to minimize demand response cost and carbon emissions cost of the load. Case studies illustrate that the suggested approach can effectively harness the emission reduction capabilities of demand-side resources, leading to decreased carbon emissions in the IES.