Review on Advancements and Challenges in Terahertz Optical Communication

The frequency range of terahertz (THz) has shown great promise for optical communication due to its enormous bandwidth and low interference. This review paper provides a thorough analysis of the latest developments and current obstacles in THz optical communication.Between microwave and infrared wavelengths, the terahertz (THz) frequency range has special possibilities for optical communication systems.It investigates how THz frequencies and optical communication are convergent, emphasising the latter's promise for high-bandwidth, low-latency data transfer. We investigate possible uses of THz optical communication, such as sensing, imaging, and wireless networks, highlighting the revolutionary influence of this new sector on the design of communication systems in the future.