Exploring Teaching and Learning Approaches for Competency-Based Curriculum in Elementary and Secondary Schools: Focusing on the Implementation of Core-Projects

Objectives This study aims to explore teaching and learning approaches for competency-based curriculum in elementary and secondary schools, proposing strategies for implementing core-projects as part of competency-based education. Methods To this end, we analyzed the core elements of competency-based curriculum and derived application plans by utilizing educational technology models of instructional methods such as ADDIE model, Dick & Carey's Instructional System Design Model, Keller's ARCS model, Voorhees' Competency-Based Education (CBE), Heinich's ASSURE model, and Kilpatrick's project method. In addition, we specified the implementation plan of core projects in competency-based curriculum and discussed the organic relationship among class development, motivation, material development, and teacher roles and their implications. Results As a competency-based curriculum, the core-projects implementation plan is as follows: Firstly, the core-projects implementation is conducted in five stages: task setting, planning, execution, evaluation, result feedback, and continuation. Secondly, the core-projects implementation model includes the core-projects implementation stages, core competency, educational content, and evaluation methods (tools). Thirdly, the core-projects learning assessment outline is designed to be structured into learning elements, achievement criteria, and achievement levels. Fourthly, specific learning assessment criteria are designed based on the core-projects learning assessment model and learning assessment outline. Conclusions Firstly, systematic design and implementation are essential for effectively realizing competency-based curriculum. Secondly, core-projects-based learning is confirmed to be an effective teaching and learning method centered on learner engagement. Thirdly, establishing sustainable evaluation and feedback systems is crucial for the successful implementation of core-projects.