Genotypical and paratypical determinants of vitality and productivity of pigs

The work shows the results of crossing sows of the Big White breed with local breeder boars, which were created by combining the Big White, Landrace and Durok breeds. The effect of heterosis on the reproductive properties of sows under crossbreeding conditions, as well as the growth, development and fattening characteristics of crossbred piglets of various combinations was studied. The effectiveness of industrial crossing of big white breed sows with boars of various combinations has been experimentally confirmed. The highest effect of heterosis is manifested by signs of large fertility, indicators of absolute growth of piglets. The best combination was the genotypes of pigs ♀ B.W. × ♂ (B.W.× D), ♀ B.W × ♂ (½ B.W. + ½ D × L). It is noted that the breed of Durok pigs is the most effective for the manifestation of the power of heterosis when creating crossbreeding boars. At the same time, the expediency and effectiveness of using the biologically active substance betaine in pig feeding were studied. A positive effect of betaine on growth and development indicators has been established. Piglets developed better, had higher absolute gains, and their preservation improved during rearing and fattening. It is worth noting that the efficiency of the pig industry depends on both the breeding process and the conditions and quality of pig feeding. The obtained results give reason to note: - the creation and use of local breeder boars on the basis of big white, landrace and durok breeds in industrial crossbreeding systems is an effective, biologically and economically justified method of breeding; - the highest effect of heterosis was manifested by the signs of large fertility and indicators of absolute growth during growing and fattening. Experimental studies on the study of quality indicators of slaughter and meat and fat products continue.