INFLUENCE OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF POTATO PLANTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF POLISSYA

The results of three years of research (2021–2023) conducted at the Institute of Potato Growing of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine to study the effect of organic fertilizers and various biological products with fungicidal action on the formation of yield and main biometric of potato plants. Objective of the research. To establish the influence of biological preparations and organic fertilizers in biological cultivation technology on the formation of the main biometric parameters and the yield of potatoes in Polissya of Ukraine. Research methods: field, laboratory, measuring, weighing, statistical. Research results. According to the research results the height of plants varied depending on the use of biological biological products. Thus, in the flowering phase, the height of potato plants in the control variant was 55,0 cm, when using the biological product «Fitodoktor» (variant 2), this figure increased to 58,3 cm, «MikoHelp» (variant 3) – 58,9 cm, «Batofit» (variant 4) – 60,2 cm. The application of manure at a rate of 40 t/ha had a positive effect on the linear growth of plants. The highest plant height was recorded in variants 5– 68,9 cm and 6– 69,2 cm. According to the results of the research, it was found that the size of the leaf surface also varied depending on the use of biological products and organic fertilizers. The largest area of the leaf surface of potatoes was formed in variants 5 and 6, where the biological products «Fitodoktor» and «MikoHelp» were used in combination with the microbiological product «Rice P» and additional manure application at a rate of 40 t/ha. The correlation analysis revealed a direct and very strong relationship between leaf area and potato yield r=0,94, as well as a high strength relationship between plant height and yield r=0,80. The use of biological products separately, as well as in variants with additional organic fertilizers had a positive impact on increasing yields. On average, over the years of research, the increase in the yield of tubers of Myroslava variety using only biological products (variants 2, 3 and 4) ranged from 11,4–13,6 t/ha. The maximum increase in the yield of potato tubers (16,8 t/ha) was formed by Myroslava variety when manure was applied at 40 t/ha and crops were treated with «MycoHelp» together with the microbiological preparation «Rice P» (variant 6). Conclusions. The use of biological products «Fitodoktor», «Bactofit», «MikoHelp», «Rice P» has a positive effect on the formation of biometric parameters of potato plants. The plants increase leaf surface area, plant height and, consequently, yield. The highest values of plant height and leaf area were observed in variants 5 and 6. The results of the research showed the dependence of productivity on the use of biological products and the application of organic fertilizers. In the control, in the absence of organic fertilizers and without the use of biological fungicidal preparations during the growing season, potato productivity averaged 20,0 t/ha over three years. The use of biological products separately, as well as against the background of additional of organic fertilizers contributed to a significant increase in yields.