INFLUENCE OF NUTRICULTURE MEDIUM COMPOSITION AND LIGHTING CONDITIONS ON THE PROCESS OF TUBERISATION OF DIFFERENT POTATO VARIETIES IN VITRO

Research objective. To determine the influence of nutriculture medium composition and different lighting conditions on the process of tuberisation of different potato varieties in vitro. Research methods. The following methods were used biotechnological methods of plant tissue and organ culture – for obtaining and propagating plants in vitro by cuttings in test tube culture on agar medium under sterile conditions. Research results. The positive effect of different lighting conditions on the growth and development of plants in vitro was investigated. As a result of the research, a certain relationship was established between the intensity of shoot growth and tuberisation. Active tuberisation began when shoot growth slowed down or stopped altogether. On the 36th day after planting the cuttings on the nutriculture medium, the first microtubers were formed. Massive formation of microtubers was observed on the Murashige-Skoog medium with the addition of 100 % macronutrients and 2 mg/l Adenine. Adenine stimulates stolon formation and tuber initiation. The yield of microtubers was: Kimmeriia variety – 53 % (control 46 %), Kniahynia variety – 39 % (control 34 %), Slauta variety – 37 % (control 35 %). In the N1 medium variant with the addition of 2 mg/l Adenine, the yield of microtubers was: Kimmeriia variety – 51 % (control 46 %), Kniahynia variety – 37 % (control 34 %), Slauta variety – 36 % (control 35 %). Conclusions. On average, in 2021–2023, the highest number of plants that formed microtubers after transferring plants to complete darkness was observed in the Slauta variety – 97 % of plants (control 93 %), the lowest number of plants that formed tubers was found in the Kimmeriia variety – 94 % of plants (control 90 % of plants). When such microtubers were planted in the soil, the germination rate was 97–99 %, plants grew and developed well. When determining the yield and its structural analysis, there was no significant difference between the studied variants.