Wideband Conformal MIMO 5G Antenna System for Millimeter-Wave Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) Communications

This article presents a wideband conformal MIMO antenna system designed for 5G (NR) millimeter-wave (mmWave) vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications. The presented antenna comprises symmetrically arranged L-shaped slots spaced at intervals of less than λ/4, embedded within a T-shaped patch, and energized by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed line. Arranging each antenna element in an orthogonal orientation achieves a four-port MIMO configuration. The presented MIMO structure achieves an impedance bandwidth of 26.27 GHz (18.85 to 45.12 GHz), with isolation greater than 28 dB, and obtains a gain of 15.42 dBic. The presented MIMO antenna exhibits wideband performance in both planar and conformal configurations. Additionally, a virtual vehicle model was used to analyze the antenna's radiation characteristics, demonstrating that the compact design offers excellent performance and is highly suitable for integration into vehicles intended for 5G (NR) mmWave V2X communications.