A Hybrid Control Scheme for Voltage Regulation and Energy Loss Minimization in Active Distribution Networks Based on Model Predictive Control

This paper presents a real-time hybrid control scheme in active distribution networks for voltage regulation and energy loss minimization. The control model employs a model predictive control-based centralized controller at the upper layer to coordinate on-load tap changer, photovoltaic systems, and electric vehicle charging stations through a multi-time step optimization model. The centralized control involves a multi-time scale coordination, considering the varying temporal characteristics of control resources. At the lower layer, a rapid-response local control mechanism, operating within seconds is designed to address frequent voltage violations and act as a backup in case the centralized control system fails. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is validated on the 33-bus distribution network and the IEEE 123-bus distribution network.