IMPACTO Y PERSPECTIVAS DE CONTROL DEL COMPLEJO Fusarium, ASOCIADO A LA MARCHITEZ EN AGAVE Y OTROS CULTIVOS

<p><strong>Background.</strong> The <em>Fusarium</em> complex is the causal agent of vascular wilt in agave that causes damage to the roots, stem/cone, and leaves. This affects the health of the agave, the yield and therefore the quality of drinks derived from this plant, such as pulque, mezcal and tequila, this prevents ensuring demand in the national and international market. Chemical control has been the most frequent method used to control this disease; however, it has shown a negative impact by generating resistance of the pathogen, damage to the environment and human health, which makes it necessary to search for sustainable and efficient strategies to control this disease. <strong>O</strong><strong>bjective</strong>. To carry out an exhaustive analysis of the reports related to the chemical, biological, ecological and phytosanitary methods used to control the <em>Fusarium</em> complex that causes wilting in agave and other crops and to verify the ecological and economic impact of its application. <strong>Methodology</strong>. A systematic bibliographic review was carried out, based on the PRISMA protocol (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, for its acronym in English), the information search was carried out in the most prominent databases (Science Direct, Redalyc , Scielo, Scopus, Google scholar, Google scholar and Pubmed), using as keywords, <em>Fusarium</em> complex, vascular wilt, agave and control methods, considering a period of 30 years (from 1994 to 2024) as inclusion criteria, which allowed for a more perspective. extensive study on the impact of the different methods used to control vascular wilt in agave caused by the <em>Fusarium</em> complex. <strong>Main findings.</strong> The analysis of the information allowed us to identify the most used control methods for wilting in agave and other crops of agricultural importance, among which are: silica, ozone, essential oils, acid water, mycorrhizas, nanoparticles, salicylic acid, extracts vegetables, and biocontrol by antagonist agents (<em>Trichoderma</em> and <em>Bacillus</em>), where the latter appear reported in 33% of the documents reviewed. <strong>Implications.</strong> Inescapably, in studies on agave wilt caused by the Fusarium fungus, the possible action of a pathogenic complex formed by two or more species of this genus must be considered and for its control management, already proven strategies must be applied. <strong>Conclusions</strong>. The use of antagonist agents and plant extracts can be applied to manage wilt caused by the <em>Fusarium</em> complex in agave and other crops, with high control efficiency. Furthermore, these methods turn out to be an ecological, sustainable and effective strategy. </p>