The Clinopathological and Prognostic Significance of SPOCK1 in Gynecological Cancers: A Bioinformatics Based Analysis

<b>Background:</b> Sparc/osteonectin, cwcv, and kazal-like domains proteoglycan 1 (<i>SPOCK1</i>) is an oncogene that promotes tumor formation and progression in certain types of cancer and is associated with poor survival rates. However, there is limited information on the importance of <i>SPOCK1</i> in gynecological cancers in the literature. The aim of this study was to explore the role of <i>SPOCK1</i> in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV), cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC), and uterine corpus endometrial carcinomas (UCEC). <b>Methods</b>: The data used in this study were obtained from the GEPIA2, TCGA, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, GeneMANIA, UALCAN, cBioPortal, and TIMER databases. Overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) rates were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Spearman's rho and statistical significance values were obtained for the correlation between <i>SPOCK1</i> expression and tumor infiltration by different immune cells. <b>Results</b>: Lower <i>SPOCK1</i> gene expression was observed in CESC and UCEC compared to normal tissue (<i>p</i> < 0.05), but the OV did not differ significantly (<i>p</i> > 0.05). In OV, <i>SPOCK1</i> gene expression was solely linked to age; in CESC, it was linked to age, stage, weight, and histology; and in UCEC, it was linked to age, stage, weight, and menopausal status. <b>Conclusions:</b><i>SPOCK1</i> gene expression in UCEC showed weak positive correlations with CD8+ T cells and weak negative correlations with CD4+ T cells. <i>SPOCK1</i> may be a potential prognostic and therapeutic target for gynecological cancers.