Changes in the Physical and Chemical Properties of Coastal Waste: Long-term Analysis and Management Strategies

This study explores the physicochemical characteristics of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated in coastal regions, aiming to develop tailored management strategies suited to these unique areas. Coastal environments, influenced by maritime climatic factors and seafood-based dietary habits, present distinct challenges in waste composition, moisture content, and calorific value, requiring approaches different from those used in inland regions. By analyzing a 10-year dataset from T City, key patterns were observed: a steady decline in the proportion of food waste, contrasted with an increase in plastics and non-combustible materials like glass and metals. Variations in moisture content were noted, with significant spikes during specific periods (e.g., years 2019 to 2021). Similarly, calorific value peaked in the early study phase (year 2015) but showed a gradual decrease thereafter. Apparent density fluctuated, reaching its highest point in the later study years (e.g., year 2021). These findings underscore the impact of high humidity and organic-rich waste on treatment methods and energy recovery efficiency. To address these challenges, region-specific solutions such as low-temperature drying, advanced incineration systems, and anaerobic digestion methods are recommended. The research provides a valuable framework for improving coastal waste management while promoting circular economy principles.