Yttrium oxide reinforced AZ31B processed by FSP: Predictive modeling of mechanical, tribological, and corrosion properties

Magnesium alloy AZ31B was subjected to friction stir processing with yttrium oxide reinforcement, resulting in substantial enhancement of its mechanical properties. FSP decreased the grain size from 10 µm to 3.19 µm, concurrently elevating microhardness from 83 HV to 129.6 HV, for a tool rotational speed of 1200 rpm, a traverse speed of 13 mm/min, and an 18 mm shoulder diameter. The wear rate decreased from 9.4 × 10 -7 g/Nm to 6.9 × 10 -7 g/Nm, and the corrosion rate decreased from 9 mm/year to 2.06 mm/year. Predictive models developed using Deep Neural Networks, 1D Convolutional Neural Networks, and Gaussian Process Regression, proficiently assessed hardness, wear, and corrosion resistance. The results underscore the beneficial effects of yttrium oxide and refined FSP.