Seascapes through the doctrines of the art of painting in the nineteenth century 19th Century) .

Artists in England and France were specifically influenced by the sea to make it an important element in their artistic works during the nineteenth century and previous centuries, to express through it many events and existing conditions in the country. The methods varied, but the element was united, which is the sea, to be the subject of the research before you.The research dealt with clarifying the extent of the influence of the sea as an aesthetic stimulus on the art painting in the nineteenth century between England and France, identifying the color features and different techniques of seascapes in the paintings of nineteenth-century artists in France and England, analyzing the models they included, shedding light on them, and highlighting the value. Their aesthetic and philosophical aspects, and making an illustrative comparison between themThe research dealt with sea scenes in painting through the doctrines of the art of painting in the nineteenth century, the most important of which was romanticism. The research covered the works of Romantic artists in England such as Turner, Constable, Bonington, and Carmichael. Then French romantic photography and highlighting its most important artists, Théodore Géricault, and Delacroix.After that, the emergence of the realist school and the mention of sea scenes by realist painting during the nineteenth century, Jean-François Millet and Gustave Courbet, and an analysis of their most important works that dealt with the element of the sea.