Proposed sustainable coastal management framework to set urban development priorities (Al-Zafarana - Ras Gharib - Hurghada) sector

Coastal and Marine Spatial management is a methodical process of assigning the spatial and temporal distribution of human activities to fulfill social, financial, and environmental goals. This process involves enabling and disabling conditions, categorized into four groups: Plan Attributes; Legal Context; Plan Development and Social Context; Integration. The effectiveness of the plan depends on factors like plan type, planning phase, and institutional capacity, which includes planners' knowledge, legitimacy of the plan, and financial and human resources allocated for its implementation, monitoring, and enforcement.Many tools have emerged for Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) management, the most well-known and widely applied of which are Ecosystem-based management (EBM) and ecosystem services.Ecosystem-Based Management (EBM) is a holistic management approach that takes into account the entire ecosystem, including human interactions. Its primary objective is to keep ecosystems healthy, productive, and resilient, ensuring they can deliver the essential services that humans require. Unlike traditional methods that typically concentrate on a single species, sector, or specific issue, EBM evaluates the cumulative effects of various sectors on the ecosystem.It is essential to integrate coastal zone management with appropriate tools tailored to the Egyptian context to achieve sustainable coastal management. Thus, it is urgent to propose a sustainable framework that prioritizes urban development. This research aims to outline a sustainable coastal management framework that establishes key priorities for urban development. The research will achieve this by identifying tools that contribute to sustainable coastal management, evaluating the importance and goals of each tool.