Synergistic Efficacy Study of Praziquantel and Ginger Alcoholic Extract as Antiparasitic in Vitro

Background: Hydatid disease is a disease caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus, and the parasite can infect the liver, lungs, etc. This disease poses a health risk due to the serious complications that may occur from it. Objectives: The present study aimed to know the effect of each of: praziquantel, ginger alcoholic extract, in addition to niosome loaded with ginger extract, as well as the synergistic complex of praziquantel with niosome loaded with ginger extract, in eliminating the protoscolices of hydatid cysts in vitro. Metheology: After Preparation of alcoholic ginger extract and noisome loaded with it, the effects of different therapeutic compounds on the protoscole were tested using concentrations (5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 100, 150 mg/ml) of each extract, with incubation periods ranging from 5 to 60 minutes. Results: The results for the synergistic compound loaded with niosomal extract and ginger extract produced the highest extermination rate of 79% after 60 minutes. While, praziquantel extermination rate ranged from 66% to 79% and ginger extract at 5 mg/ml showed extermination ranging from 32% to 40%. Statistical tests reveal significant differences between treatments with ANOVA test results (F=11; p<0.00018) showing the high efficacy of the synergistic compound over praziquantel and ginger extract. Conclusion: The synergistic combination of niosome loaded with ginger extract and praziquantel showed high efficacy in vitro protoscolices extermination rates, but the standard deviation value of data analysis confirmed the presence of a state of instability. Niosome loaded with ginger extract showed excellent extermination efficacy with stable effects. Therefore, it is considered the best choice as a treatment. The extermination efficacy of praziquantel and ginger alcoholic extract was within the average values.