Traffic Jerk Effect From Non-motor Automobiles and Velocity Prediction Effect in Car-Following Model Under V2X Environment

Objectives : To enhance traffic flow stability and alleviate congestion, a car-following model that incorporates velocity prediction and traffic jerk is developed. Methods: A car-following model that considers the traffic jerk impact and velocity prediction is presented. The impact of the model on traffic stability and congestion is assessed using linear stability analysis in conjunction with the reductive perturbation technique for deriving mKdV equation and nonlinear calculations. Numerical simulations under periodic boundary conditions are used to validate theoretical results further. Findings: Using linear stability analysis, it is demonstrated that velocity prediction significantly expands the stable region of the phase diagram as compared to the optimal velocity model, whereas jerk behavior expands the unstable region. A “modified Korteweg-de Vries” equation (mKdV) is implemented to identify areas where congestion is most severe, indicating heavy traffic near the critical point. Based on nonlinear calculations, it has been demonstrated that traffic jerk effects from non-motor automobiles enlarge unstable regions on phase diagrams, while velocity prediction enlarges stable regions. Traffic flow is improved by this combination strategy, particularly in locations close to the main bottleneck point. Given that drivers are better equipped to modify their conduct in response to traffic circumstances, the results imply that drivers' behavior toward non-motor vehicles has a differential effect that directly reduces traffic congestion. The model's relevance to actual traffic situations is further supported by numerical simulations, which are applied using periodic boundary parameters that validate these theoretical solutions' practical efficacy. Novelty: The model integrates traffic jerk effect and velocity prediction, expanding traffic stability and mitigating congestion more effectively than existing models. Keywords: Traffic flow, Traffic jerk, Velocity prediction, Simulation, Car-following model