Allergy mapping in immunocompromised patients and patients with helminthiasis in the Republic of Ingushetia

Allergy mapping is a modern technique for diagnosing allergic diseases in immunocompromised patients. Frequent recurrent respiratory viral infections lead to altered classic course in allergic diseases. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and spectrum of sensitization in immunocompromised patients and patients with helminthiasis in the Republic of Ingushetia. Allergological examination of patients included prick tests, a blood test for specific IgE using ImmunoCAP. This study was conducted to study the prevalence and type of sensitization in 30 immunocompromised patients aged 18 to 55 years suffering from AR, AtD, PA. Of them, 23 subjects (77%) suffered from allergies and chronic viral infections (CMV, EBV, type 6 HHV, type 1 HSV), with frequent acute respiratory infections, 7 patients (23%) suffered from allergies and parasitic invasions. Food allergies were detected in 7 cases. In these patients, sensitization to Bos d 4 was detected in 57%; to Gal d 1.5, in 43%; to Tri a 14, in 43%; to Mus a, 29%; to Ory 5, in 29% of cases. Most often, patients are susceptible to sensitization to the allergen components of weeds Amb a 1 (30% of cases). Sensitization to beech trees was 17%. Sensitization to the cereal allergens was detected 2 times less often than to trees: 8% of patients were sensitized to the major component of the allergen of Timothy pollen Phl p 1. Most often, patients with helminthiasis were sensitized to food allergens. Of these, Bos d4 sensitization was detected in patient 1 (45%) and patient 4 (50%). Der f 1 demonstrates high sensitization in the patient in patients 6 and 3 up to 30%. Patient 2 exhibited a wide range of allergen sensitization, with significant values for Tri a 14 (35%), Mus a (15%), Bet v 1 (10%) and Phl p 1 (25%). High sensitization to Gal d 1 is observed in patient 3 (30%) and patient 5 (35%). These patterns of sensitization are associated with impaired immunity of intestinal mucosa in the patients with helminthic invasion, which, in turn, is a risk factor for development of sensitization to food allergens.