Highly Efficient Ag/Fe₃O₄@MWCNTs MNCs Catalyzed Green Synthesis of New Derivatives of 1,2,4‐Triazine: The Cytotoxic Activity Investigation of 1,2,4‐Triazines

ABSTRACT This study synthesized 1,2,4‐triazines, a novel class of derivatives, with a high efficiency using a multicomponent reaction. The reaction involved oxoindolinylidene malononitrile, ethyl 2‐arylamino‐4‐dioxo‐4‐arylbutanoates, and hydrazonoyl chlorides in an aqueous solution at room temperature. The reaction was facilitated by the presence of Ag/Fe 3 O 4 @MWCNTs MNCs. This study examines the antioxidant properties of 1,2,4‐triazine in addition to the other research undertaken in this work. Using the MTT test, the cytotoxic properties of all the produced compounds were assessed in vitro against cancer cell lines (MCF‐7 and A549) and normal cell lines (BEAS‐2B). It was discovered that the most effective cytotoxic agent, doxorubicin like in its lack of selectivity, was Derivative 4e . On the other hand, Compound 4b might be regarded as an equipotent molecule with greater selectivity in relation to doxorubicin. The production process of 1,2,4‐triazine demonstrated several advantageous features, including rapid reactions, high yields of the final product, and straightforward separation of the catalyst and product from the reaction mixture.