Early prediction of gestational hypertension using β-hCG Levels: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital of Maharashtra, India

Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension (PIH) is a significant complication affecting pregnant women, with potential severe outcomes for both mother and fetus. This study investigates the relationship between serum β-hCG levels and the risk of PIH, aiming to determine if elevated β-hCG can serve as an early indicator for PIH. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 pregnant women aged 20 to 40 years at 14 to 19 weeks of gestation. Participants were categorized based on age, socioeconomic status, and occupation. Blood pressure measurements and β-hCG levels were recorded and analyzed. The mean age was 27.6 years. Gestational age at delivery ranged from 14 to 19 weeks, with 53% at 18 weeks. Normal blood pressure was observed in 61% of participants, while 39% were at risk for pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), categorized into mild, moderate, and severe PIH. Higher serum β-hCG levels correlated with PIH severity. Pedal edema and proteinuria were significant among PIH patients, affecting blood pressure and β-hCG levels. Elevated β-hCG levels can potentially serve as a predictive marker for PIH, enabling early interventions. Incorporating β-hCG monitoring into routine prenatal care could improve maternal and fetal outcomes.