Ethical leadership, organizational learning, and corporate ESG performance: A moderated mediation model

Based on social learning theory and stakeholder theory, this study investigates how ethical leadership influences ESG performance in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in China. Using survey data from 205 SME leaders, the findings reveal that ethical leadership positively impacts ESG performance, with organizational learning acting as a partial mediator. Internal social capital further enhances this relationship by moderating the direct link between ethical leadership and organizational learning and the indirect effect on ESG performance. These results underscore the importance of ethical leadership and organizational factors in advancing ESG practices, providing valuable insights for corporate leaders and policymakers aiming to promote sustainable development.