Significance of aspect ratio of internal heating element in optimizing thermal production of water with ternary nano composition in crown chamber

Enhancing the thermodynamic performance of systems including thermal exchanging devices, solar collectors, and thermally controlled instruments is crucial for industrial advancements. This investigation probes the thermal performance of water in a crown-shaped chamber infused with Cu-CuO-Al 2 O 3 ternary hybrid nanoparticles. Unlike previous studies focusing on simpler geometries and binary nanofluids, this work introduces a novel chamber design with a heating element of varying aspect ratios with magnetic field effectiveness. The governing equations are modeled using partial differential equations, incorporating the thermophysical characteristics of the ternary nanofluid. Finite element simulations are performed in COMSOL Multiphysics, with mesh independence verified. Results show a remarkable 360 % upsurge in the average thermal flux, highlighting the superior heat transfer capabilities of ternary nanofluids and the influence of advanced geometrical designs. These findings emphasize the potential of ternary nanofluids in optimizing thermal systems.