MONOAMINE OXIDASE AS A TARGET FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW DRUGS

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is an FAD-dependent enzyme essential for regulating neurotransmitter levels and protecting the body from the harmful ef-fects of amines. Dysregulated MAO activity, through either overexpression or excessive activation, has been linked to diverse pathological conditions. Emerging evidence highlights MAO as a key contributor to oxidative stress, driving significant damage not only to the nervous system but also to the cardiovascular system. Additionally, MAO is implicated in tumor progression and metastasis. Targeting MAO through chemical inhibition offers promising therapeutic avenues for treating neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, heart failure, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and other inflammatory diseases. Potential applications also extend to addressing migraines, dizziness, attention deficit disorders, diabetes, obesity, muscular dystrophy, and metabolic dysfunctions. This review summarizes current methodologies for assessing MAO activity and inhibition, alongside in vivo models used to study neurodegenerative diseases, providing a foundation for future therapeutic strategies. The article was prepared within the framework of the State assignment of the Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky for 2024 from the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation on the topic "Development of a new drug for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases based on a monoamine oxidase inhibitor" (registry entry number 720000Ф.99.1.БН62АА12000).