Racial and ethnic differences in prenatal exposure to environmental phenols and parabens in the ECHO Cohort
This multisite, observational cohort study investigated whether there are racial and ethnic differences in prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting environmental phenols and parabens. Among 4006 participants from multiple U.S. cohorts who provided urine specimens during pregnancy, those who self-reported a racial and ethnic identity other than non-Hispanic White had higher urinary concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,5-dichlorophenol, methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, and propyl paraben and lower urinary concentrations of benzophenone-3 than those reporting as non-Hispanic White. These data show differences in prenatal concentrations of endocrine disrupting environmental phenols and parabens by racial and ethnic identity.
Authors
- Christian Douglas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8902-0531)
- Leena B. Mithal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1070-5306)
- Chris McKennan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-8257)
- Gloria Pryhuber (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-3994)
- Monique M. Hedderson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1768-0412)
- Jennifer Check
- Robert S. Tepper (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3322-5903)
- Mark L. Hudak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9405-3522)
- Sarah A. Keim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3490-3649)
- Diane Catellier (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3082-628X)
- Casper G. Bendixsen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3419-6940)
- Kristina Walker Whitworth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2334-6066)
- Annemarie Stroustrup (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5667-6195)
- Tisa Johnson-Hooper
- Emily A. Knapp (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3953-9874)
- Sally Ozonoff (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1230-0794)
- Meghan Miller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1260-4149)
- Michael J. Paidas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5561-7196)
- Jenae M. Neiderhiser (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4474-5330)
- Andrea E. Cassidy‐Bushrow (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-4448)
- Rachana Singh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7783-1214)
- Michael S. Bloom (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0028-5494)
- Li Luo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0728-8628)
- Judy L. Aschner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8420-7794)
- Meghan M. JaKa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5744-7215)
- Daniel B. Horton (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1831-1339)
- Kate E. Keenan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1775-8171)
- Megan E. Romano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4932-2492)
- Thomas G. O’Connor (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8590-5057)
- Kristy Palomares
- Amanda L. Thompson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5872-738X)
- Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Matthew J. Blitz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5534-6928)
- Roger Newman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2422-619X)
- Madeleine Lenski
- Carmen J. Marsit (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4566-150X)
- Brent R. Collett (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0729-4326)
- Lyndsay A. Avalos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8748-0614)
- Robert O. Wright (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1180-6459)
- Katherine Rivera‐Spoljaric (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6398-732X)
- Ravi V. Shah (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4471-7156)
- James E. Gern (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6667-4708)
- Brenda Bradley Poindexter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1013-9896)
- Emily S. Barrett (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-524X)
- Kartik K. Venkatesh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8043-556X)
- Kelly J. Hunt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8999-3587)
- Viren A. D’Sa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3476-8419)
- Daniel J. Jackson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6938-2690)
- Carole Ober (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4626-9809)
- Eliot R. Spindel
- Angelo P. Giardino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4029-4301)
- Cynthia M. Loncar
- Brianna F. Moore (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1084-3349)
- Stephanie L. Merhar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3331-4220)
- Deborah Rinehart (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3002-8875)
- Wesley Jackson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-381X)
- Hudson P. Santos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4040-366X)
- Qi Zhao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5079-1803)
- Amy Eapen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1629-1511)
- Brandon Rennie (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1548-4322)
- Jo Wilson
- Jennifer Ames (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0906-9162)
- Sarah S. Osmundson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7626-9992)
- Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6663-977X)
- Juhi Pandey
- JOHN A. JUN. MCLEAN (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8918-6419)
- Craig J. Newschaffer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-3593)
- Ganesa Wegienka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7281-1193)
- Michelle Hernandez
- Thomas F. Northrup (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3275-3168)
- Dennis R. Ownby (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0944-6466)
- Michelle L. Macy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-7384)
- Courtney D. Lynch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-9772)
- Tina V. Hartert (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7470-1166)
- Kohei Hasegawa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5739-7999)
- Jean M. Kerver (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5006-3622)
- Sophie Jan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1796-6464)
- Natalie Meirowitz
- T. Michael O’Shea (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6692-911X)
- Leslie D. Leve (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-4524)
- Christine T. Loftus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5232-7342)
- Sarah Dee Geiger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2738-0245)
- Martin J. Blaser (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2447-2443)
- Deborah J. Watkins (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6692-2206)
- Jonathan E. Posner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2704-1094)
- Julie Beth Herbstman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5531-163X)
- José F. Cordero (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-6391)
- Christine M. Seroogy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0532-3701)
- Kelly N. Botteron (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5276-9653)
- Lisa Croen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7849-9428)
- Aaron Hamvas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5749-7797)
- Charles Barone
- Kristen Lyall
- Anne P. Starling (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6638-8314)
- Edward M. Zoratti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2626-0682)
- Meghan H. Shilts (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3879-6070)
- Julie V. Rollins (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3586-1711)
- Rebecca J. Schmidt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1582-2747)
- Lisa P. Jacobson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1722-6826)
- Linda S. Adair (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3670-8073)
- David F Cella (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9881-4541)
- Akram N. Alshawabkeh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5243-4087)
- Dana Boyd Barr (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5566-2138)
- Todd Rosen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5810-5129)
- Suman R. Das (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2496-9724)
- Monica McGrath (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2271-0743)
- Wei Perng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-6850)
- L. Kristin Newby (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6394-8187)
- Nathalie L. Maitre (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8520-9302)
- Sara B. DeMauro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1647-4000)
- Michael E. Msall (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2037-5769)
- Michele R. Hacker (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-9991)
- Brent Davidson
- Mallory Alkis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0505-6017)
- Frank D. Gilliland
- Susan V. Lynch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5695-7336)
- Amii Kress (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1903-696X)
- Traci A. Bekelman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0840-1186)
- Christine L.M. Joseph (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0069-4391)
- Ruby H.N. Nguyen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6598-8457)
- Ronald E. Gangnon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2587-6714)
- JoNell Potter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4620-2316)
- Lisa R. Eiland
- Sara S. Nozadi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9702-4452)
- Stephen R. Hooper (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6761-4504)
- Heather H. Burris (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4510-9547)
- Robert T. Schultz
- Assiamira M. Ferrara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7505-4826)
- Michelle W. Katzow (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1915-6094)
- Genevieve Taylor (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7192-7976)
- Tracey J. Woodruff (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3622-1297)
- Kirin N. Suri
- James R. Roberts
- Nicole T. Spillane (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9689-0743)
- Courtney K. Blackwell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0934-0207)
- Burton Rochelson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6736-1105)
- Jody M. Ganiban (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5908-6644)
- Lisa K. Washburn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1972-7571)
- Ruben Vaidya (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6674-4692)
- Joseph Piven (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-9003)
- Meyer Kattan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5533-9368)
- Donghai Liang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7311-2298)
- Karen M. Tabb (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4722-9502)
- Greta N. Wilkening (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9665-1304)
- Steven L. Pastyrnak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5576-4241)
- Lunthita Duthely (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9003-3257)
- Alison E. Hipwell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7179-1151)
- Rachel L. Miller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4214-3347)
- Lynne M. Smith (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3086-9167)
- Kelly Bear
- Leonard B. Bacharier (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0432-2704)
- Jane E. Freedman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0011-6164)
- Stephanie A. Fisher (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5085-1163)
- George T. O’Connor (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6476-3926)
- Rosalind J. Wright (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4262-2807)
- Susan L. Schantz
- Christina Sakai
- Elizabeth T. Jensen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2704-6634)
- Joseph B. Stanford (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947)
- Carlos A. Camargo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5071-7654)
- Richard K. Miller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6691-7538)
- Margaret Rita Karagas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6398-7362)
- Abbey Sidebottom (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5852-3539)
- Rachel A. Morello-Frosch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1153-7287)
- BENNETT L. LEVENTHAL (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6985-3691)
- Daniel S. Messinger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9551-675X)
- Semsa Gogcu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0429-9404)
- Jessie Poulin Buckley (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7976-0157)
- Heather C. Hazlett (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-1434)
- Cindy T. McEvoy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8501-8813)
- Christine Cole Johnson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-6604)
- Claudia I. Lugo-Candelas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8388-9479)
- Richard C Gershon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0085-0112)
- Stephen J. Sheinkopf (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3836-4339)
- Hector Mendez‐Figueroa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9510-1706)
- Shohreh F. Farzan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9897-3692)
- Jordan R. Kuiper (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4285-1562)
- Jean A. Frazier (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7055-3530)
- Simon Alexander Mallal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7036-1309)
- Johnnye Lewis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0141-7679)
- Catherine Monk (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7827-2602)
- Zenobia Brown (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4514-4839)
- Anne Marie Singh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8308-8145)
- Maxwell Armand Mansolf (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6861-8657)
- Rebecca Landa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-8995)
- Amy E. Margolis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3334-6783)
- John Ainsworth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2187-9195)
- Julie B. Schweitzer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0257-1651)
- Andrea Lampland
- Tamarra James‐Todd (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3589-5169)
- Irva Hertz‐Picciotto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6952-2390)
- Juliette C. Madan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0542-1368)
- Scott T. Weiss (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7196-303X)
- Yeyi Zhu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7296-738X)
- Sheryl Magzamen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2874-3530)
- Nigel Paneth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0151-966X)
- Kaja Z. LeWinn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8245-7279)
- Jin‐Shei Lai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1840-2537)
- Jonathan L. Slaughter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6831-7520)
- Frances A. Tylavsky (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9479-8003)
- Julie L. Daniels (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9658-3743)
- Amy Padula (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1435-4814)
- Maria Gloria Domínguez-Bello (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8879-6159)
- Deborah H. Bennett (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6698-2316)
- Anne Lang Dunlop (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5092-8136)
- Robert M. Joseph (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6879-0254)
- Rebecca C. Fry (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0899-9018)
- Codruța Chiuzan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8169-5032)
- Priya Duggal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-2081)
- Chris Fussman
- Rita S. Strakovsky (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3551-1615)
- Patricia A. Brennan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3742-2891)
- Daphne Koinis Mitchell
- R.J.K. Wood (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-9239)
- Brian Scott Carter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-9164)
- Andrew Haddad (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1910-9279)
- Tebeb Gebretsadik (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4548-3010)
- Christina A. Porucznik (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917)
- GLORISA J. CANINO (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1775-4020)
- Jennifer K. Straughen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2208-524X)
- Rima Habre (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2103-1706)
- Christine W. Hockett (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1665-6763)
- Ricardo A. Mosquera (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5350-331X)
- Rawad Obeid (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1762-9174)
- Emily Ho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-2820)
- Kun Lu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1370-8633)
- Catherine J. Karr
- Augusto A. Litonjua (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0422-5875)
- Kecia N. Carroll (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6646-1374)
- Nicole Baumann-Blackmore
- Sunni L. Mumford (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176)
- Albert M. Levin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6993-1669)
- Zhaozhong Zhu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5662-1541)
- Douglas M. Ruden (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0070-437X)
- Jeffrey A. Goldstein (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4086-057X)
- Elaine Symanski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9073-8898)
- Jennifer Helderman
- Todd M. Everson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2732-4550)
- Lynn M. Yee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6274-0544)
- Audrey Urquhart (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1299-5151)
- Nicole R. Bush (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-9975)
- Paul E. Moore (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5123-207X)
- Alma Fuller
- Heather E. Volk (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5415-2494)
- Timothy J. Rafael
- Sean Deoni (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0633-6328)
- Karen Young (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3921-8467)
- Ann Marie Reynolds Lyndaker
- Antonia F. Olidipo
- Natale Ruby
- Young S. Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6766-1722)
- Manuel E. Jiménez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0497-1480)
- Ashley F. Sullivan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6783-1720)
- Arumugam R. Jayakumar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2115-7860)
- Rachel Miller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4766-9898)
- Amy J. Elliott (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3592-5957)
- Andréa Aguiar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1001-1489)
- Wendy L. Stone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8546-7536)
- Michael R. Elliott (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4128-5527)
- Dana Dabelea
- Diane R. Gold
- Isabel Maldonado
- Janine M. LaSalle (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-2031)
- Caitlin Rollins
- Somer Bishop
- Tenneill Murray
- Barry M. Lester
- Elisabeth C. McGowan
- Leonardo Trasande
- Emily Oken
- Cristiane S. Duarte
- Charles R. Neal
- Patrick Ryan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8662-9122)
- Kim Woodcroft
- Raye‐Ann deRegnier
- Alex Sitarik
- Steven Dager
- Matt Altman
- P. Brian Smith
- Robert F. Lemanske
- Tengfei Ma
- John Meeker (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8357-5085)
- Sudhi Upadhyaya
- Hans-Georg Mueller
- Debra M. MacKenzie
- Dawnette Lewis
- Angela Montgomery
- Adaeze W. Nzegwu
Institutions
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- Oregon National Primate Research Center (US)
- Dartmouth College (US)
- Boston University (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (US)
- Tufts University (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Prisma Health (US)
- Washington State Department of Health (US)
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center (US)
- Northeastern University (US)
- Lurie Children's Hospital (US)
- Seattle Children's Hospital (US)
- Kennedy Krieger Institute (US)
- Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital (US)
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Northwell Health (US)
- Milken Institute (US)
- United Cerebral Palsy (US)
- Gates Foundation (US)
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (US)
- Nationwide Children's Hospital (US)
- Marshfield Clinic (US)
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Hackensack University Medical Center (US)
- Allina Health (US)
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research (US)
- Children's Mercy Hospital (US)
- Children’s Minnesota - St. Paul Hospital (US)
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
- Saint Peter's University Hospital (US)
- Kaiser Permanente (US)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Hofstra University (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- University of Miami (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Colorado School of Public Health (US)
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- Henry Ford Health System (US)
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
- George Mason University (US)
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- University of Georgia (US)
- University of Puerto Rico at Río Piedras (PR)
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
- University of New Mexico (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Duke University (US)
- RTI International (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of Oregon (US)
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Wayne State University (US)
- University of South Dakota (US)
- George Washington University (US)
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- University of Utah (US)
- Brown University (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- Avera Health (US)
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (GB)
- Johns Hopkins Medicine (US)
- Rhode Island Hospital (US)
- Denver Health Medical Center (US)
- Johnson University (US)
- Center for Child and Family Health (US)
- University of Manchester (GB)
- University of Rochester Medical Center (US)
- Yale University (US)
- University of Florida (US)
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Clinical Research Institute (US)
- Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital (US)
- Seattle Children's Hospital (US)
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (US)
- Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute (US)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center (US)
- Harvard Pilgrim Health Care (US)
- Behavioral Tech Research, Inc. (US)
- Cohen Children's Medical Center (US)
- Golisano Children's Hospital (US)
- Baystate Health (US)
- Bipar (FR)
- Lurie Children's Hospital (US)
- Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak (US)
- Helen DeVos Children's Hospital (US)
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences (JP)
- Children's Minnesota (US)
- Comer Children's Hospital (US)
- New Mexico Cancer Center (US)
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (US)
- Health and Hospital Corporation (US)
- Hackensack Meridian Health (US)
- Jacobs Institute (US)
- Center for Discovery (US)
- University of California Davis Medical Center (US)
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biostatistics (CH)
- Harbor–UCLA Medical Center (US)
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
- Wake Forest University (US)
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (US)
- The Ohio State University (US)
- HealthPartners (US)
- University of Rochester (US)
- Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis (US)
- New York University (US)
- University of Cincinnati (US)
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- Drexel University (US)
- University of Missouri (US)
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- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Michigan State University (US)
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (US)
- University of Cincinnati Medical Center (US)
- University of Colorado Denver (US)
- Philadelphia University (US)
- Colorado State University (US)
- Florida College (US)
- Center for Autism and Related Disorders (US)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology
- Published
- 2025-02-15
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-025-00750-w
- Citations
- 3
- Primary Topic
- Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 3.60
Funders
- National Institutes of Health