Barriers to Oral Proficiency: Exploring Causes of Speaking Inhibition in EFL Learners

This study investigates the underlying factors contributing to speaking inhibition among English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners, with a particular focus on barriers to oral proficiency. Despite the increasing emphasis on communicative competence in language education, many EFL students experience significant challenges when it comes to speaking English fluently and confidently. Through a qualitative approach, this research explores factors that hinder students' oral proficiency from both signs of inhibition and internal factors include language anxiety, lack of self-confidence, and fear of making mistakes. Data were collected through classroom observation and interviews involving thirteen (13) EFL learners who were taking Basic Speaking Course. The findings from observation reveal that mostly students showed less eye contact more often than other inhibition signs such as rubbing the palms and staggered voice during their speaking practice at classroom. While from interview result, it was found that students mostly experienced the inhibition factor in a combination of language barriers and psychological problems such as anxiety and fear of making mistakes. This paper discusses these elements in detail and offers recommendations for educators to create a more supportive and conducive environment for developing students' oral proficiency. By addressing these barriers, educators can better facilitate EFL learners' ability to communicate effectively in English.