Gut Dysbiosis: Causes and Prevention Strategies – A Review

Abstract Gut dysbiosis in poultry presents a major challenge, requiring a comprehensive approach to sustain optimal gut health and ensure animal welfare. This review emphasizes the importance of integrated management practices and explores alternatives to antibiotics, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, phytogenic compounds, medicinal plants, and organic acids. Additionally, it advocates tailored nutritional strategies specific to broiler strains and highlights the potential of advanced biotechnologies for poultry nutrition and health management. Maintaining effective gut health is essential not only for animal welfare but also for the economic sustainability of poultry farming. Given the implications of antibiotic use in poultry for human health, the “One Health” approach is critical for recognizing the interconnection between animal, human, and environmental health. Research should prioritize understanding host-microbiome interactions, developing innovative therapies, and enhancing diagnostic tools for early detection and intervention in gut dysbiosis. Addressing this complex issue requires collaboration among researchers, veterinarians, feed manufacturers, and poultry producers to create sustainable solutions that improve animal health and production efficiency, while reducing reliance on antibiotics and implementing a holistic strategy that encompasses various aspects of poultry management. The industry can mitigate the adverse effects of gut dysbiosis and promote the overall health and welfare of broiler chickens.