Economic security of industrial and territorial economic systems and complexes in the conditions of innovative development: risks and protection mechanisms

The article substantiates the importance of economic security as an important component of the sustainable development of sectoral and territorial economic systems and complexes in the face of complex geopolitical and geoeconomic challenges. The key directions of state policy to ensure economic security through integrating security and development priorities are identified. The relationship between socio-economic stability, innovative development, and technological progress is revealed as the basis for the formation of economic security. The work highlights the multifaceted nature of economic security, its dependence on the level of development of the national economy, effective state policy, and institutional protection. Measures necessary to ensure economic stability are outlined, including stimulating innovation, protecting strategic resources, developing scientific and technical potential, ensuring cybersecurity, and combating corruption and the shadow economy. Mechanisms for supporting innovative enterprises, protecting intellectual property, and ensuring financial stability are considered. Systemic problems that limit the ability to respond quickly to internal and external threats include imperfect legal framework, corruption, information isolation, weak institutional structure, and insufficient financial transparency. Classifying economic security problems for effective management of national resources is emphasized. The main threats affecting economic security are external, economic, social, political, technological, and environmental. Approaches to overcoming these challenges are proposed by reforming economic policy, introducing innovative technologies, strengthening international cooperation, and supporting scientific and research activities. The study results reveal the need to form a comprehensive strategy for ensuring Ukraine’s economic security, which will consider the interaction of internal and external factors, particularly in military operations. Special attention is paid to ensuring the financial system’s stability, the development of strategic sectors of the economy, and creating conditions for technological breakthroughs. Keywords: economic security, innovative development, socio-economic stability, state policy, strategic resources, internal threats, external threats, problem classification.