Analysis of Carbon-Based Materials by Raman Spectroscopy

Today, Raman spectroscopy is the main tool for investigating carbon-based materials. In the present work, the results of Raman spectroscopy are generalized for the basic classes of carbon-based materials that differ in the degree of hybridization of the electron orbitals in the carbon atoms. As a result, Raman spectra are obtained for the following carbon-based materials: diamond, graphite, graphene, coke, carbon fibers, carbon–carbon composites, and multilayer carbon nanotubes. The basic methods of sample preparation are described, along with the conditions in which the spectra are obtained. The spectra are analyzed, and distinctive features are identified for each type of material.