Assessing the Chemistry and Negative Impacts of Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Beverage Consumption in Nigeria: A Public Health and Socioeconomic Perspective

This review explores the negative impacts of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverage consumption in Nigeria, focusing on health, socioeconomic, and environmental dimensions. Alcoholic beverages, widely consumed in both urban and rural settings, are linked to significant health challenges such as liver diseases, cardiovascular issues, and mental health disorders, as well as social problems like domestic violence and road traffic accidents. Non-alcoholic drinks, particularly sugary soft drinks and energy drinks, contribute to rising rates of obesity, diabetes, and dental caries, exacerbating the nation's public health burden. Additionally, the unregulated production and distribution of some beverages pose risks of contamination and toxic exposure. Socioeconomic impacts include the strain on healthcare systems and reduced productivity due to alcohol-related absenteeism and illnesses. Furthermore, beverage production contributes to environmental degradation, including water pollution and excessive waste generation from packaging materials. This review highlights the urgent need for comprehensive public health strategies, stricter regulatory policies, and community-level interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of beverage consumption in Nigeria. Future research and policy recommendations should prioritize sustainable practices, consumer education, and improved healthcare responses to address this multifaceted issue.