Overview and Analysis of the Application of Digital Twin-based Human-Machine Collaboration in the Product Development Process

In the era of Industry 5.0, the collaboration between humans and machines is vital for achieving smart manufacturing that is centered on human needs. This necessitates production services that are more efficient, precise, and safe. Digital twin (DT) technology plays a critical role in facilitating this collaboration by providing a virtual representation of physical systems, allowing for real-time data analysis and decision-making. This paper explores how DT-based human-machine collaboration (HMC) can significantly improve the product development process (PDP). By examining the advantages of DT-based HMC, the paper establishes correlations with key factors such as cost, time, and quality, grounded in the ten knowledge areas outlined in the Project Management Institute's Project Management Body of Knowledge. Additionally, the paper analyzes the practical applications of project management principles related to DT-based HMC within enterprises. Through the application of these project management knowledge areas, the research assesses the likelihood of successful implementation of DT-based HMC in the PDP. The findings highlight that integrating DT technology with effective project management practices can lead to substantial enhancements in manufacturing processes, aligning them more closely with human-centric objectives. Ultimately, this study underscores the transformative potential of digital twins in fostering a collaborative environment that improves product development efficiency, quality, and overall competitiveness in the industry.