DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECTS AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF SCHOOL BUILDING ARCHITECTURE IN IRAN

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of Iran's demographic indicators, including population statistics across 31 provinces, the number of schools, classrooms, and students, population density, dispersion, and population growth. The primary focus is on studying energy consumption in educational institutions and the impact of demographic factors on the number of schools and their distribution across the country. The study highlights the importance of considering demographic aspects for optimal planning of the school building network, calculating the number of schools needed, and implementing energy-efficient architectural solutions. The article explores opportunities for improving the energy efficiency of school buildings through architectural solutions that account for regional specifics and energy needs. Iran, a country in Western Asia with a population of 86.8 million people, ranks 17th in the world by population. The country is divided into 31 provinces, the most populous being Tehran (the capital), Mashhad, Isfahan, Karaj, and Shiraz. The number of schools and students in each province varies according to demographic conditions. For example, Tehran has over 13,000 schools serving more than 2.4 million students, while less populated provinces have significantly fewer schools. The study also emphasizes the influence of the number of students and classrooms on energy consumption in schools. In Tehran, each school serves approximately 200 people, including students and staff, making energy efficiency critically important. In provinces with lower population density, such as Sistan and Baluchestan, the average number of students per school is about 100, requiring tailored energy management approaches. The article highlights the importance of utilizing alternative energy sources, such as solar and wind energy, particularly in poorer provinces where access to traditional energy sources is limited. Provinces with less developed urban infrastructure could significantly benefit from the implementation of renewable energy sources, reducing their dependence on fossil fuels.