Performance Analysis of Circularly Polarized Patch Antennas with DPS & DGS Implementation

The fundamental purpose of this research is to investigate the design of a patch antenna with a defective patch structure (DPS) and a defective ground structure (DGS) for use within the 5 GHz spectrum, which covers the range of frequencies from 5 GHz to 5.85 GHz for wireless communication technologies. In contrast to conventional patch antennas with DPS and DGS implementation, the study compares various design modifications of circularly polarized (CP) patch antennas (AR<3 dB), which includes adding edge cuts, striplines and U-shaped slots to the DPS & DGS structures respectively. These modifications improve the overall gain and polarization pattern of the antennas. The observation of a dual-band feature occurs when U-shaped slots are implemented on the DPS & DGS structures respectively. The design satisfies the 5 GHz wireless communication band with its return loss of -24.00 dB and -23.38 dB, antenna gain of 0.63 dBi and 2.05 dBi, and bandwidth of 165 MHz and 213.7 MHz at an operating frequency of 4.128 GHz and 5.401 GHz, respectively. All the antenna designs are conformal towards C-Band applications. The proposed designs are simulated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio software.