Study on Monostatic RCS Fluctuation Model of a Small Artificial Satellite

This paper investigates the statistical properties of the artificial "Jilin-1" platform 01A01 satellite’s radar scattering cross section (RCS) in 2GHz, 4GHz, and 6GHz. The RCS calculations are performed using the physical optics (PO) method and the multilayer fast multipole method (MLFMM), and the RCS data are fitted and analyzed using six statistical models, including normal, lognormal, chi-square, Weibull, polynomial, and Legendre distributions. The distribution characteristics of the RCS at different frequencies were investigated by kernel density estimation (KDE) and different statistical evaluation metrics, including R-square, Modified R-square, Sum Square Error (SSE), and Root mean squared error (RMSE). The results show that the normal distribution fits best at 2 GHz, 4 GHz, and 6 GHz. Lognormal distribution fits, and normal distribution fits. This study provides a new perspective for the distribution fitting of RCS for future vehicles, which helps to improve the accuracy of radar system performance evaluation and target detection.