An Examining the Legal Framework for Criminal Investigations in Pakistan: Gaps and Reform Needs

The criminal investigation system in Pakistan faces numerous challenges due to gaps in its legal framework, inefficiencies in law enforcement, and limited accountability measures. This paper examines the existing legal structure that governs criminal investigations in Pakistan, identifying key issues such as outdated procedural laws, lack of sufficient training for investigators, and the inadequacies of forensic capabilities. The study highlights the impact of these gaps on the effectiveness of criminal investigations and public trust in the justice system. Additionally, it proposes a comprehensive framework for reform, focusing on modernizing investigative procedures, enhancing law enforcement training, and implementing technological advancements. By addressing these gaps, the legal and institutional framework for criminal investigations can be strengthened, ensuring a fairer and more efficient criminal justice process in Pakistan.