Euroobčan a jeho práva

Citizenship of the Union, which supplements national citizenship without replacing it, is made up of a set of rights and duties that add to those that are already attached to the citizenship of a Member State. Most recent expositions of citizenship have focused on the evolution of legal rights and duties. Nevertheless, the allocation of citizenship between various political communities is a theoretical question arising within supranational generation. The evolution of this concept during the last 30 years is tackled in the first and second part of the present paper. Observed from another point of view, the status of a citizen in European law is discussed in connection with acquis du Conseil de lʼEurope, and especially with the new European Convention on Nationality. While the former 1963 Convention dealt only with multiple nationality, 1997 Convention deals with all major aspects related to nationality: principles, acquisition, retention, loss, recovery, procedural rights, multiple nationality, nationality in the context of State succession, military obligations and cooperation between the States Parties. Final two parts of current article consider the problem of eurocitizenship as an integral part of the reformation of European constitutionalism. In comparison with citizenship of a State, citizenship of the Union is characterised by rights and duties and involvement in political life. It is designed to strengthen the ties between citizens and Europe by promoting the development of a European public opinion and a European political identity. On the other band, the main areas of interest to citizens who wish to move within the Community involve access to employment, tax and financial status as well as social rights and family status. These questions were appraised by Charter of fundamental rights of the European Union and by main lines of action, such as the new approach to the exercise of the right of residence, the clarification of the status of those members of the family of a citizen of the Union who are nationals of a third country and restrictions regarding the possibility of impeding the exercise of the right of free movement.