Innovation in ovary decellularization methods: Chemical and herbal detergents

The ovary provides an ideal environment for egg survival due to its distinct structure that directly contributes to the growth and maintenance of the follicle. The purpose of this study is to compare ovarian decellularization with herbal and chemical detergents. Sheep ovarian was used in this study. 1 % sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a chemical detergent and 1, 2.5, and 5 % Acanthophyllum (ACP) were used as herbal agents for decellularization. DNA content, histological characteristics, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), biocompatibility, antibacterial test, hemocompatibility, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were investigated. The results showed the DNA content in decellularization scaffolds with 1 % SDS and 5 % ACP was reduced suitably. Also, histological observations confirmed this finding, and the nuclei were completely removed in these two groups. Disorganization of collagen fibers and tissue architecture was observed more in the SDS group than in the ACP group. No group reported cytotoxicity and the best blood compatibility in decellularization with herbal agents was reported. Protein bands are largely conserved in all methods. Higher antibacterial properties were observed in the decellularization technique with ACP. Decellularization with 5%ACP, in addition to being able to completely remove cells in the tissue, can help preserve the ultrastructure of the ovary. Therefore, this plant agent can be introduced as a decellularization method for studies in this field.