Comparative Analysis of Coil Designs for Maximizing Wireless Power Transfer Efficiency

Abstract: Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is an innovative technology enabling efficient and contactless energy transmission, with applications spanning consumer electronics, medical devices, and electric vehicles. This study focuses on optimizing WPT efficiency by analysing the impact of coil geometry, material properties, and system parameters. Three coil designs: planar spiral, helical spiral, and rectangular were evaluated through simulation to determine their energy transfer efficiency over varying distances. The results indicate that the helical spiral coil, made of copper, exhibited the highest efficiency, exceeding 90% at short distances and maintaining superior performance compared to other geometries as transmission distance increased. This advantage is attributed to its stronger magnetic coupling, reduced resistive losses, and more uniform electromagnetic field distribution. These findings underscore the importance of coil design optimization in maximizing WPT performance and provide valuable insights for developing high-efficiency wireless energy systems across various applications.