A case report of peripheral T-cell lymphoma presenting as autoimmune hemolytic anemia

A case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) with pancytopenia was presented to our institute as the peripheral center found difficulties with cross-matching and transfusion. Flow cytometry of peripheral blood, lymph node biopsy with immunehistochemical studies, and T-cell receptor gene assay confirmed peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS). Peripheral T-cell lymphoma most often presents with enlarged lymph nodes and paraneoplastic features such as eosinophilia and pruritus; however, AIHA could be a rare manifestation. With initiation of chemotherapy, though the patient has recovered well, later on succumbed to COVID. The literature shows that PTCL-NOS can have varied some even rare clinical presentations and requires a multimodality approach for making a conclusive diagnosis.