SYNTHESIS OF POLYALPHAOLEFIN BASE OILS USING THE FISCHER-TROPSCH METHOD. PART 1. OLIGOMERIZATION BY A RADICAL MECHANISM OF A SYNTHETIC GASOLINE FRACTION ENRICHED IN ALKENES

In the present work, we have investigated the oligomerization process of synthetic gasoline fraction, enriched with α- as well as β- and γ-olefins, which are formed in significant quantities during the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, to obtain base oils using azobisisobutyronitrile as a radical initiator for the oligomerization process. The synthetic gasoline fractions were obtained on a bifunctional cobalt catalyst with various H2/CO ratios at the reactor inlet (1.85 and 1.70) and a pressure of 2.0 MPa, a temperature of 250 °C, gas space velocity of 1000 h-1 and a circulation range of 0-16. It was determined that at a temperature of 200 °C, with the initiator content of 0.5 wt. % and the reaction duration of 12 h, the yield of the oligomerization product is ~ 25%. The content of branched C19+ hydrocarbons in the obtained products is ~ 70 wt. %. The ratio of isomeric hydrocarbons to normal hydrocarbons in the oligomerization products of samples G-01M and G-02M is 1.2 and 2.7, respectively. A comparison has also been made between the properties (kinematic viscosity, pour point, density) of polyalphaolefin oils obtained from the synthetic hydrocarbon fractions and commercially available PAO-2 oils produced in the Russian Federation by Tatneft-Nizhnekamskneftekhim-Oil JSC and TAIF lubricants. It was found that sample G-02M has a kinematic viscosity at a temperature of 100 °C equal to 1.6 cSt and a pour point of minus 50 °C, which is close to the values of kinematic viscosity (1.7 cSt) and pour point (minus 60 °C) of commercial PAO-2, produced from α-olefins, usually obtained by oligomerization of ethylene. For citation: Kataria Y.V., Kashparova V.P., Klushin V.A., Zubkova M.A., Yakovenko R.E., Zubkov I.N. Synthesis of polyalphaolefin base oils using the fischer-tropsch method. Part 1. Oligomerization by a radical mechanism of a synthetic gasoline fraction enriched in alkenes. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2025. V. 68. N 4. P. 73-82. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20256804.7084.