An Overview of Solar Photovoltaic Power Smoothing Control Strategies Based on Energy Storage Technology

Countries around the world are actively promoting the low-carbon transformation of the energy system, and renewable energy represented by solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation will occupy a greater proportion of the power system. The power of PV power generation is characterized by randomness and volatility, so an energy storage system (ESS) is needed for smooth control of fluctuating power to improve the quality of electric energy and the stability of the system. First of all, through the comparative analysis of various energy storage technologies, this paper finds that the battery-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system (HESS) has both steady-state and dynamic response capabilities. Secondly, the power smoothing control strategy comprises centralized control strategies and distributed control strategies, corresponding control algorithms based on filter and optimization, and droop control strategy, respectively. This paper introduces them in turn and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, according to the characteristics of the two control strategies, the analysis of the applicable scenarios is given, and it can guide future applications.