Impact of Different Physical, Chemical and Biological Factors on Paper Degradation

Paper is a thin sheet material which is produced either by chemical processing’s of cellulosic fibers which is gained from different sources alike grasses, vegetable sources, wood pulp, rags, paddy straw and other fibrous materials. Paper was and still is always an important material which serves the informative script in the form of journals, books, newspaper, documents, etc. Paper being the substance obtained from the natural resources is also most easily prone to be degraded when subjected to any chemical, physical or biological conditions. The cellulosic fibers when subjected to soil can undergoes the breakdown process, as the soil contains the cellulosic bacteria’s such as – Clostridium, Actinomycetes, Ruminococcus albus etc., and the deterioration process can vary with differential qualitative aspects like pH, time, mineral content of the soil, the humus composition, moisture available, presence of the organisms, etc. The paper enhances or sheds light on the process of ageing within the given consideration of all the different surrounding aspects. The ageing helps in knowing the fact of actual or the forged documents with their quality and the level of their distortion or degradation and even to know whether eaten up by any of the living organisms. It will also help us understanding the quantitative destruction of the different cellulosic fibers with their deterioration levels. So with this it will help in analyzing the whole scenario and to gather the information with qualitative and also the quantitative value data. As there have been many researches on the condition of papers when prone or put in specific conditions such as the chemical or physical or biological they behave differently as per the conditions are melting down the papers with its compensability and helping to understand the immense condition of the forgery whether happened or not.