Past participles ending in -ган as a means of expressing taxis (based on the material of the Tatar language)

The aim of the study is to identify the taxis meanings expressed by past participles ending in -ган in the Tatar language. The article reviews a brief history of the study of taxis (in Tatar linguistics, the term "relative time" (мөнәсәбәтле заман) has been developed) and non-finite verb forms in Tatar, and also analyzes past participles ending in -ган and the peculiarities of their expression of event chronology. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that taxis meanings represented by past participles ending in -ган in combination with the main verb acting as the predicate in the sentence have been identified in the Tatar language. The research has established that past participles ending in -ган are able to express all taxis meanings, and there is a certain correlation between them depending on the temporal semantics of the predicate, i.e., anteriority and simultaneity are represented in combination with predicates in the past and present tenses, and anteriority and posteriority – with predicates in the future tense. Variability in the taxis meanings represented by the participles is observed with predicates in the present tense.