Research on Distribution Network Fault Location Based on Electric Field Coupling Voltage Sensing and Multi-Source Information Fusion

As the last link of power transmission, the safe operation of the distribution network directly affects the experience of power users, and short-time distribution network faults can cause huge economic losses. There are few fault recording devices in rural or suburban distribution networks, and it is difficult to upload information, which brings difficulties to accurate fault location. In order to improve the accuracy of fault location, this study proposes a fault location method for distribution networks based on electric field-coupled voltage sensing and multi-source information fusion. First, an optimized resource pool architecture is proposed, and a distribution network data fusion platform is established based on this architecture to effectively integrate voltage, current and other fault data. Second, in order to overcome the problem of expanding the fault location range that may be caused by the current-based matrix algorithm, this study proposes an improved directed graph-based matrix algorithm and combines it with the matrix algorithm of voltage quantities to form a joint location criterion, which improves the accuracy of fault location. Finally, for the single-ended ranging method, which is easily affected by the wave impedance discontinuity points in the system or the transition resistance in the line, this article introduces a fault ranging algorithm based on double-ended electrical quantities, which improves the accuracy and applicable range of fault ranging. Through simulation verification, we found that the matrix algorithm based on the electrical quantity can accurately locate the fault section in the case of a single fault with a single power supply. The proposed joint matrix algorithm can accurately locate the fault section in the case of a single fault with multiple power sources. The ranging algorithm based on double-ended electrical quantities has higher ranging accuracy in both interphase short circuits and grounded short circuits, and the ranging results are not affected by the fault type, fault location and transition resistance, which can effectively improve the efficiency and reliability of fault location.