Evaluation of The Efficiency of Treatment of Industrial Wastewater in a Ministation Using Charcoal Ash

Objective: This study proposed the use of charcoal ash in Industrial Effluent Treatment Plants (IETPs) for the removal of metals present in effluents, contributing to the improvement of environmental quality and the reduction of waste generated by industrial activities. Theoretical Framework: The lack of treatment and improper disposal of industrial effluents causes significant environmental damage. In this context, the global movement for recycling has driven the search for sustainable solutions, including the utilization of industrial waste. Charcoal ash presents potential as a coagulant in treatment processes due to its physical and chemical properties. Methods: Charcoal ash was subjected to granulometric analysis using sieves of different mesh sizes (8, 9, 20, 48, 60, 100, and bottom), determining an average diameter (DSauter) of 0.345 mm. Coagulant solutions were prepared: a 10% (m/v) Ca(OH)₂ solution and a leached charcoal ash solution. During the sedimentation process, the sedimentation velocities of the retained solids were measured. Physical-chemical analyzes conducted after treatment evaluated the process's efficiency in parameters such as BOD, COD, turbidity, conductivity, and pH. Results and Discussion: During the sedimentation process, the leaked ash solution presented a sedimentation velocity of 0.27 m/s, while the 10% Ca(OH)₂ solution had a velocity of 0.00173 m/s. After treatment, the analyzes showed significant removals: 80.73% for BOD and COD, 91.36% for turbidity, and 11.67% for conductivity, with a final pH of 6.03. The results meet the standards required by the National Environment Council (CONAMA), confirming the efficiency of treatment with charcoal ash. Originality/Value: The study highlights the potential use of charcoal ash as an efficient coagulant in industrial effluent treatment, promoting a sustainable and economical alternative that contributes to waste reduction and environmental preservation.