Utilization of 3DMAP to Enhance RTK-GNSS in Challenging Environments

To date, publications pertaining to 3DMap abound; however, most are based on pseudo-range-based positioning methods. In this study, we examine the effect of using 3DMap, which is available free of charge, for precise positioning via a real-time kinematic-positioning global navigation satellite system (RTK-GNSS). In an RTK-GNSS, because carrier-phase measurement is used as observation data, most non-line-of-sight information is eliminated when the carrier phase can be monitored. Hence, we validate the use of line-of-sight satellite information and altitude information obtained from 3DMap using actual data. When using this method, the user’s approximate position must be determined in advance. The effectiveness of the method for practical use is verified, even under positional errors. Furthermore, owing the abovementioned restriction in altitude information, the number of incorrect fixed solutions in the RTK-GNSS can be reduced significantly.