Smart Indoor Navigation Device for Blind People with Obstacle and Staircase Detection

Navigating indoor spaces poses significant challenges for blind and visually impaired individuals, requiring effective strategies to enhance independence. The study investigates the recognition of signs and doors to improve wayfinding in complex indoor environments. The use of tactile and auditory cues integrated into signage and doorways is examined to allow better identification of surroundings. The research highlights the importance of tactile elements like texture, size, and placement and investigates auditory signals, such as voice prompts or sound indicators, to provide directional information. A mixed-methods approach, including user experience studies, interviews with visually impaired individuals, and real-world testing of signage prototypes, was employed. Findings reveal that a combination of consistent tactile designs and auditory feedback significantly enhances wayfinding. Increased confidence and reduced cognitive load were reported by participants, leading to more autonomous navigation. The research emphasizes the need for inclusive design in indoor spaces, offering practical recommendations for architects, urban planners, and facility managers. By implementing effective signage and door identification systems, mobility and independence for visually impaired individuals can be greatly improved. Future research should explore the integration of mobile applications and wearable devices to further assist in indoor wayfinding.